Almanac of law. Issue 13 (2022), pages 73–79.
DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2022-13-11
ISSN Print 2524-017X
Kvasha O., Andrusyak G.
Actions aimed at repelling and deterring armed aggression of the Russian Federation in the context of the natural right to necessary defense
Russia’s war against Ukraine necessitated the correction of domestic criminal legislation in this part as well. Law enforcement agencies throughout the country record the commission of a significant number of war crimes by the racist occupiers. The Armed Forces of Ukraine are putting up heroic resistance to the invaders, but ordinary citizens have to independently protect themselves and their loved ones from violence by the Russians.
The article substantiates the changes to Part 1 of Art. 36 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine “Necessary defense is recognized as actions taken with the purpose of protecting public interests and the interests of the state, as well as the legally protected rights and interests of the person being defended, or another person, from a socially dangerous encroachment by causing damage to the aggressor, necessary and sufficient in the given situation to immediately repel or stop the encroachment, if at the same time it was not allowed to exceed the limits of necessary defense”.
In accordance with the rules of legislative technique, the need to transfer the amendment provided for in Art. 43-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, after as close as possible to it in terms of Art. 36 with assignment number 36-1.
In the context of the naturalness of a person’s right to necessary defense, such a specific manifestation (type) of it as “defense of the Motherland” should be defined as a willful and conscious act of a person, which is determined by the need to repel and contain the armed aggression of any country, other socially positive motives and goals, as well as natural (instinctive) human reactions.
Key words: aggression, natural law, protection of the Motherland, right, duty, armed aggression of the Russian Federation, necessary defense, national security, conditions of legality.
References
- Konventsiia pro zakhyst prav i osnovopolozhnykh svobod liudyny. URL: http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/
show/995_004 - Kvasha O. O. Realizatsiia osoboiu prava na neobkhidnu oboronu (v konteksti zakhystu natsionalnoi bezpeky
Ukrainy). Problemy pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti kryminalnoi yustytsii: kol. monohrafiia. Za zah. Red.
Yu.S. Shemshuchenka, Yu. L. Boshytskoho. Kyiv: Lira-K, 2021. S. 52−110. - Filosofiia prava: navch. posibnyk / za red. M. V. Kostytskoho, B. V. Chmilia. Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 2000.
- Nersesiants V. S. Fylosofyia prava: uchebnyk dlia vuzov. Moskva: YNFRA-M-NORMA, 1997. 652 s.
- Hryshchuk O. V., Popov D. I. Zastosuvannia pryrodnoho prava pry zdiisnenni sudovoho uhliadu: filosofskopravovi aspekty: monohrafiia. Khmelnytskyi: Khmelnytskyi universytet upravlinnia ta prava, 2014. 320 s.
- Savyn P. T. Neobkhodymaia oborona kak rezultat sotsyoheneza. Vestnyk Moskovskoho hosudarstvennoho
oblastnoho unyversyteta. Seryia: Yurysprudentsyia. 2011. № 1. S. 57–62. - Kvasha O. O., Andrusiak H. M. Neobkhidna oborona (zakhyst vid posiahannia na statevu svobodu ta statevu
nedotorkanist osoby): Monohrafiia. Kyiv, 2016. 264 s. - Brych L. Kryminalne zakonodavstvo Ukrainy i praktyka yoho zastosuvannia u svitli yevropeiskykh standartiv
prav liudyny. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia yurydychna. 2010. Vyp. 51. S. 311–312. - Andrusiak H. M. Neobkhidna oborona pry posiahanni na statevu svobodu ta statevu nedotorkanist osoby: dys.
kand. yuryd. nauk. Kyiv, 2015. 224 s. - Kvashа O. O. Realizatsiia prava osoby na samooboronu v konteksti zakhystu osnov natsionalnoi bezpeky
Ukrainy. Istoryko-pravovyi chasopys. Lutsk: Skhidnoievrop. nats. un-t im. Lesi Ukrainky, 2017. № 1 (9).
S. 104–109. - Kvasha O. O. Pravo na samozakhyst v konteksti protydii zlochynnym posiahanniam na natsionalnu bezpeku
Ukrainy. Pravova derzhava. Vyp. 29. Kyiv: In-t derzhavy i prava im. V. M. Koretskoho NAN Ukrainy, 2018.
S. 260–267. - Kryminalnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar: u 2 t. / za zah. red. V. Ya. Tatsiia, V. P. Pshonky,
V. I. Borysova, V. I. Tiutiuhina. 5-e vyd., dop. Kharkiv: Pravo, 2013. T. 1: Zahalna chastyna / Baulin Yu. V.,
Borysov V. I., Tiutiuhin V. I. ta in. 2013. 376 s. - Kampo V. M., Savchyn M. V. Konstytutsiina derzhava i konstytutsiina reforma v Ukrainy. Konstytutsiia i
narodnyi suverenitet v Ukraini: problemy teorii i praktyky realizatsii: Zbirka naukovykh prats. Kyiv, 2008.
S. 150–198. - Savchyn M. V. Konstytutsionalizm i pryroda konstytutsii: teoriia i praktyka realizatsii: Avtoreferat dys… d-ra
yuryd. nauk. Kyiv, 2013. 47 s. - Kuznetsov V. V., Syiploki M. V. Kryminalno-pravova kharakterystyka vykonannia oboviazku shchodo zakhystu
vitchyzny, nezalezhnosti ta terytorialnoi tsilisnosti Ukrainy. Yurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal. 2022.
№ 4. S. 320–325. - Zahynei Z. A. Kryminalno-pravova hermenevtyka: monohraf. Kyiv: Vydav. dim «ArtEk», 2015. 380 s.
- Kryminalne pravo Ukrainy: Zahalna chastyna: pidruchnyk / V. I. Borysov, V. Ia. Tatsii, V. I. Tiutiuhin ta in.; za
red. V. Ya. Tatsiia, V. I. Borysova, V. I. Tiutiuhina. 5-te vyd., pererobl. i dopov. Kharkiv: Pravo, 2015. 528 s. - Kuznetsov V. V., Syiploki M. V. Kryminalno-pravova kharakterystyka vykonannia oboviazku shchodo zakhystu
vitchyzny, nezalezhnosti ta terytorialnoi tsilisnosti Ukrainy. Yurydychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal. 2022.
№ 4. S. 320–325. - Velykyi entsyklopedychnyi yurydychnyi slovnyk / za red. Yu. S. Shemshuchenka. 2-e vyd., pererob. i dop.
Kyiv: TOV «Vydavnytstvo “Iurydychna dumka”», 2012. 1020 s. - Andrusiak H. M. Ideia pryrodnoho prava v obgruntuvanni prava na neobkhidnu oboronu. Chasopys Kyivskoho
universytetu prava. 2015. № 4. S. 259–262.
Oksana Oleksandrivna Kvasha,
Scientific Secretary
of the V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law, NAS of Ukraine,
Doctor of Law, Professor
ORCID: 0000-0002-9832-6070
Anna Mykolaivna Andrusiak,
Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure
of Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University,
Candidate of Law, Associate Professor
ORCID: 0000-0003-1681-7384