Укр Eng
+380 (44) 278-80-24
“Almanac of Law”
  1. Home
  2.  ⇒ 
  3. Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024)
  4.  ⇒ 
  5. Ways to eliminate shortcomings of the legislative technique of the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine

Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 140–147.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-140-147

Koroied S. O.
Ways to eliminate shortcomings of the legislative technique of the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine

The article emphasizes that the main problem that reduces the effectiveness of legal regulation of the procedure for conducting civil proceedings and the effectiveness of law enforcement is the shortcomings of the legislative technique of the main source of civil procedural law — the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine: vagueness, ambiguity and imperfection of norms, gaps in procedural regulation, etc. Promptly correcting such shortcomings by introducing relevant legislative changes is not entirely possible given the peculiarities of the legislative process and the lack of a systematic vision of relevant changes and legislative initiatives. This, in turn, reduces the effectiveness of civil proceedings and negatively affects the protection of the violated rights of subjects of civil legal relations. Therefore, there is a scientific and practical need to identify tools that allow eliminating the shortcomings of the legislative technique of the CPC without the involvement of the legislator to improve the effectiveness of civil procedural regulation and the quality of law enforcement during the administration of justice in civil cases. For this purpose, the article examines the main violations of the rules of legislative technique in the preparation of drafts of regulatory legal acts, in particular laws; the main methods of eliminating the shortcomings of the current legal acts are determined; the main existing tools for eliminating the shortcomings of the legislative technique of the CPC are outlined and their characteristics are given. Attention is paid to the characteristics of the law’s quality requirements and the principle of legal certainty. As emphasized in the legal literature, the quality of the law includes its substantive perfection, compliance with formal requirements, compliance with procedural aspects at the stage of adoption, as well as compliance with social needs and compliance at the stage of implementation. At the same time, compliance with the principle of legal certainty in legislative acts indicates the level of predictability of legal norms, their compliance with the norms of the Constitution, and also contributes to the effective protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms; indicates the development of unity in law enforcement activities. Failure to comply with specified principles and rules of legislative technique causes shortcomings of regulatory legal acts, which lead to ambiguous understanding and, accordingly, expand opportunities for subjectivism during the implementation and application of legal norms, give grounds for criticism of normative-legal acts regarding their legal-technical perfection. It should be recognized as tools for eliminating the shortcomings of the legislative technique of the CPC the following: a) clarification of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine and the Higher Specialized Court of Ukraine on consideration of civil and criminal cases on the application of procedural legislation; b) conclusions regarding the application of the rules of procedural law, set out in the Supreme Court’s rulings; c) the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine regarding the official interpretation of the provisions of the Civil Code; d) Rules for the organization of effective civil proceedings. The specified tools, both individually and in complex in the mechanism of legal regulation at the stage of law enforcement, make it possible to increase the effectiveness of civil procedural regulation of the procedure for the administration of justice in civil cases, thus overcoming the shortcomings of the legislative technique of the CPC (and in some cases also gaps), thus ensuring legal certainty in the regulation of civil procedural legal relations and predictability in the application of the provisions of the CPC by the courts.

Key words: Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine, legislative technique, shortcomings, legal regulation, effectiveness, resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, conclusions of the Supreme Court, judgments of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, Rules for the organization of effective civil justice.

References

  1. Ishchenko I. A. Systema pravovoho rehuliuvannia suspilnykh vidnosyn v umovakh pravovoi derzhavnosti:
    avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk / 12.00.01. Kyiv, 2012. 20 s.
  2. Fursa S. Ya., Shcherbak S. V., Yevtushenko O. I. Tsyvilnyi protses Ukrainy: Problemy i perspektyvy: Naukovopraktychnyi posibnyk. Kyiv: Vydavets Fursa S. Ya.: KNT, 2006. 448 s.
  3. Minchenko R. M. Yurydychna tekhnika vnesennia zmin do tsyvilnoho protsesualnoho zakonodavstva Ukrainy.
    Publichne pravo. 2020. # 3 (39). S. 196–204.
  4. Dubyna N. A., Turuta O. V. Problemy efektyvnosti zakonodavstva Ukrainy. Pravo i bezpeka. 2015. # 2 (57).
    S. 23–27.
  5. Tkachuk A. Zakonodavcha tekhnika: navch. posib. Kyiv: IKTs «Lehalnyi status», 2011. 268 s.
  6. Mishchuk I. V. Yakist zakonodavstva kriz pryzmu dotrymannia pravyl ta zasobiv zakonodavchoi tekhniky.
    Nove ukrainske pravo. 2021. # 4. S. 92–97.
  7. Shcherbyna V. Sotsialne pryznachennia zasobiv zakonodavchoi tekhniky. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i
    pravo. 2017. # 11. S. 179–183.
  8. Artykutsa N. V. Kultura pravotvorchosti i mova. Naukovi zapysky NaUKMA. Seriia: Yuryd. nauky. 2008. T. 77.
    S. 44–50.
  9. Drach D. L., Mikhailina T. V. Poniattia, sutnist ta znachennia yakosti zakonu. Visnyk studentskoho naukovoho
    tovarystva Donetskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Vasylia Stusa. 2020. # 12. Tom 1. S. 56–60.
  10. Tsebenko S. B. Vymoha «yakosti» zakonu yak odyn z osnovnykh aspektiv pryntsypu verkhovenstva prava.
    Dniprovskyi naukovyi chasopys publichnoho upravlinnia, psykholohii, prava. 2021. # 4. S. 31–35.
  11. Bernaziuk Ya. Katehoriia «yakist zakonu» yak skladova pryntsypu verkhovenstva prava ta harantiia
    zastosuvannia sudom naibilsh spryiatlyvoho dlia osoby tlumachennia zakonu. Ofitsiinyi vebsait Verkhovnoho
    Sudu. 22 zhovtnia 2020, 12:45. URL: https://supreme.court.gov.ua/supreme/pres-centr/zmi/1011199 (data
    zvernennia: 05.02.2024).
  12. Karmaza O. O. Dotrymannia pryntsypu yurydychnoi vyznachenosti yak harantiia dii pryntsypu verkhovenstva
    prava u vyborchomu zakonodavstvi Ukrainy: teoriia, zakonodavstvo, rishennia Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav
    liudyny ta rishennia Konstytutsiinoho Sudu Ukrainy. Naukovo-informatsiinyi visnyk Ivano-Frankivskoho
    universytetu prava imeni Korolia Danyla Halytskoho. Seriia Pravo. 2023. Vyp. 15 (27). T. 1. S. 52–60.
  13. Kosovych V. M. Prykhovani (latentni) nedoliky normatyvno-pravovykh aktiv Ukrainy: zahalnoteoretychna
    kharakterystyka. Publichne pravo. 2018. # 2 (30). S. 184–191.
  14. Ukhvala Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 11 travnia 2018 roku, sudova sprava # 754/8211/17. URL: https://reyestr.
    court.gov.ua/Review/73902794 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  15. Shyshka N. V. Rol sudovoi praktyky Verkhovnoho Sudu u protsesi pravozastosuvannia tsyvilno-pravovykh
    norm. Nashe pravo. 2021. # 2. S. 147–156.
  16. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 29 lystopada 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 761/6087/22. URL: https://reyestr.
    court.gov.ua/Review/115654071 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  17. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 20 veresnia 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 466/6065/18. URL: https://reyestr.
    court.gov.ua/Review/113867128 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  18. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 1 liutoho 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 754/2882/22. URL: https://reyestr.
    court.gov.ua/Review/108766069 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  19. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 11 sichnia 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 461/56/20. URL: https://reyestr.court.
    gov.ua/Review/108553593 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  20. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 10 sichnia 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 753/17628/19. URL: https://reyestr.
    court.gov.ua/Review/108321913 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  21. Postanova Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 6 veresnia 2023 roku, sudova sprava # 2-2823/11. URL: https://reyestr.court.
    gov.ua/Review/113324413 (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  22. Pravyla orhanizatsii efektyvnoho tsyvilnoho sudochynstva u Kyivskomu apeliatsiinomu sudi. Ofitsiinyi
    vebsait Natsionalnoi asotsiatsii advokativ Ukrainy. URL: https://unba.org.ua/assets/uploads/publications/%D
    0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96
    %D1%97%20%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A1.pdf (data zvernennia: 11.02.2024).
  23. Pravyla orhanizatsii efektyvnoho tsyvilnoho sudochynstva. Ofitsiinyi vebsait Odeskoho apeliatsiinoho
    sudu. 10 serpnia 2021, 10:28. URL: https://oda.court.gov.ua/sud4813/inshe/3/1163581/ (data zvernennia:
    11.02.2024).

Serhiy Oleksandrovych Koroyed,
Leading Researcher
of the Department of Civil, Labor
and Business Law
of the V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law
of the NAS of Ukraine,
Doctor of Law, Professor
ORCID: 0000-0001-7899-957X

Back to contents