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  5. Digitization of standard-setting activity: current state and development prospects

Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 155–163.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-155-163

Podorozhna T. S., Kotuha O. S.
Digitization of standard-setting activity: current state and development prospects

The article examines the current state of digitization of rule-making activities and outlines the prospects for its development. It is noted that if previously only technical means were used for the implementation of the lawmaking process, for example, the preparation of a draft regulatory act, now a wider range of technical means is used. It is with the development of the digital world that artificial intelligence will increasingly be used, for example, to search for conflicts of law or similar precedents. It is law-making policy that creates the necessary conditions for effective law-making activity. The task of law-making policy is, in particular, to ensure the system, integrity and consistency of legislation, and to eliminate gaps in it. Law-making policy uses its inherent basic principles, a systematic approach, information provision of law-making activity, legal techniques, legal acts, etc., as universal means to achieve the specified tasks. Law, as a regulator of social relations, acquires a binary form of embodiment through codification — bringing the results of law-making activity (normative and legal acts) to an electronic form that exists only on the Internet. It is emphasized that law-making is the activity of authorized bodies and other entities defined in the legislation in the planning, development and adoption of a normative legal act to ensure legal regulation and/or protection of social relations, the content of which is the official establishment of rules of behavior and activities of people and their associations on the basis of a constitutionally established system of social values, which are substantiated taking into account the objective relationships and interdependencies between the main social regulators operating in society. Analyzing the development of digital and legal reality, the use of technical and informational means for the implementation of the rule-making process is observed. In this area, the main technical tools are database technologies, data warehouse technologies, database and expert system technologies, automated workplace technologies, electronic document management, automated management systems. Digitalization of rule-making is carried out with the help of the technical means listed above. At the local level, the electronic document management system is mainly used. The idea is good — to convert the entire process of document management into electronic format instead of paper media. However, certain shortcomings and gaps are observed in the process of digitalization of rulemaking: yes, not all organizations or officials have an electronic signature — a digital analogue of a personal signature by hand, the average level of literacy in the field of software, technical equipment, etc. prevails. The process of digitalization of local rule-making is implemented with the help of an electronic document management system. It is noted that today there are the following types of artificial intelligence: data mining, expert systems, neural networks, intelligent interface, pattern recognition, logic programming, expert systems, natural language processing. It was concluded that rule-making is a complex process of decision-making, which will later be dressed in the shell of a normative legal act, therefore such a process requires great skill and knowledge aimed at its implementation. Тhe search for an optimal solution involves the use of convincing arguments, and this is where the application of artificial intelligence is possible. Searching for arguments and their expediency, belonging to one or another project of a normative legal act is a process that can be modeled and implemented in computer systems.

Key words: rule-making, digitization, digitization, digital world, legal regulation, legislation, social relations, law, human rights, rule of law.

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Tetyana Stanislavivna Podorozhna,
Professor of the Department of Theory of State and Law
Lviv University of Trade and Economics,
Doctor of Law, Professor
ORCID: 0000-0003-0502-950X
Oleksandr Stepanovych Kotukha,
Professor of the Department of Civil and Commercial Law and Procedure
Lviv University of Trade and Economics,
Candidate of Law, Professor
ORCID: 0000-0002-1198-88-49

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