Укр Eng
+380 (44) 278-80-24
“Almanac of Law”
  1. Home
  2.  ⇒ 
  3. Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024)
  4.  ⇒ 
  5. Criminal law policy of Ukraine in the field of combating violence and aggression in the context of war

Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 251–258.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-251-258

Kvasha R. S.
Criminal law policy of Ukraine in the field of combating violence and aggression in the context of war

Anti-criminal policy has its components, among which criminal law policy is the main one, because it is the criminal law that is the legal basis for countering crime. The evolution of the Russian-Ukrainian war from the so-called «hybrid» to «aggressive» was predictable and natural. The concept of aggressive war should occupy a prominent place in the criminal legislation of Ukraine, taking into account the various forms of waging modern wars, in particular those that Ukraine has faced — in a hybrid format. Hybrid warfare is a covert form of aggression. In the context of the war in Ukraine, it should be noted that aggression is not a concept synonymous with aggressive behavior (in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine). Aggressive behavior at its core contains a biological factor, while aggression can be the result of purposeful actions aimed at inciting it in society and spreading hatred towards other social groups or states.

Violence and aggression are one of the most dangerous manifestations of violation of human rights, the provision of which is an imperative in the policy of every state that positions itself as a legal and social state. An act of violence is often associated with the manifestation of such a character trait as aggression.

Establishing criminal responsibility for stalking is a promising direction of criminal law policy of Ukraine. Such a norm is contained in the criminal codes of many states, and in the conditions of globalization and European aspirations, Ukraine should adopt the positive experience of European countries.

Domestic developers of the Criminal Code of Ukraine propose normalizing persecution as a crime against humanity. Whereas in the legislation of foreign countries, this is primarily an offense against personal freedom. Such a problem requires further scientific research. Currently, the wording of the article «Obsessive persecution of a person» is proposed, which should be placed in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine in Chapter II of the Special Part «Criminal Offenses Against the Life and Health of a Person», and in the future — according to the current Draft of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in Chapter 4.4 «Criminal offenses against personal freedom and human dignity».

Key words: criminal law policy, violence, aggression, aggressive war, persecution, personal freedom, tribunal, international law, criminalization, war, crimes against humanity, physical influence and psychological influence, threat, hybrid war, crimes against peace.

References

  1. Ostrohliad O. Poniattia ta oznaky kryminalno-pravovoi polityky. Jurnalul juridic național: teorie și practică.
    2020. S. 95–99.
  2. Khramtsov O. M. Nasylstvo yak katehoriia zahalnoi chastyny vchennia pro obstavyny, shcho vykliuchaiut
    zlochynnist diiannia. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina. Seriia «Pravo».
    Vypusk 27. 2019. S. 87–94.
  3. Borysov V. I., Fris P. L. Poniattia kryminalno-pravovoi polityky. Visnyk Asotsiatsii kryminalnoho prava
    Ukrainy. 2013. № 1 (1). S. 15–31.
  4. Melnyk M. I. Antykryminohenna polityka. Entsyklopediia Suchasnoi Ukrainy / Redkol.: I. M. Dziuba,
    A. I. Zhukovskyi, M. H. Zhelezniak [ta in.]; NAN Ukrainy, NTSh. Kyiv: Instytut entsyklopedychnykh
    doslidzhen NAN Ukrainy, 2001. URL: https://esu.com.ua/article-42885
  5. Iurydychna entsyklopediia: v 6 t. / redkol.: Yu. S. Shemshuchenko (vidp. red.) ta in. Kyiv: Ukr. entsykl., 2001.
    T. 3: K−M. 792 s.
  6. Kvasha R. S. Nasylnytska zlochynnist sered nepovnolitnikh v Ukraini yak problema yuvenalnoi kryminolohii» :
    dys. … d-ra filosofii v haluzi prava. Kyiv, 2021. 230 s.
  7. Kvasha R. S. Yuvenalna antykryminalna polityka: poniattia ta zavdannia. Pravova derzhava. Vyp. 33. 2022.
    S. 507–515.
  8. Velykyi entsyklopedychnyi yurydychnyi slovnyk / za red. Yu. S. Shemshuchenka. 2-he vyd., pererob. i dop.
    Kyiv: TOV «Vyd-vo «Iurydychna dumka», 2012. 1020 s.
  9. Kvasha R. S. Viina, ahresiia, nasylstvo: kryminalno-pravovyi ta mizhnarodnyi vymiry. Pravosuddia v Ukraini
    pid chas viiny: problemy rozghliadu koruptsiinykh ta voiennykh zlochyniv (VI Kyivskyi poliloh): materialy VI
    Kyivskoho polilohu (Kyiv, 1 hrud.2023 r.). Kyiv, 2024. S. 129–132.
  10. Denysov S. F., Kardash S. K. Vyznachennia poniattia «ahresyvna viina» u kryminalnomu pravi Ukrainy. Visnyk
    Luhanskoho derzhavnoho universytetu vnutrishnikh sprav im. E. O. Didorenka. 2012. № 3. S. 96–106.
  11. Seheda S. P., Shevchuk V. P. Hibrydna viina Rosii proty Ukrainy: istorychnyi vymir. Nauka i oborona. 2019.
    № 1. S. 31–35.
  12. Komarchuk O. Hibrydna viina: sutnist ta struktura fenomenu. Mizhnarodni vidnosyny, suspilni komunikatsii ta
    rehionalni studii. 2018. № 1. S. 48–54. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/mvckrc_2018_1_10
  13. Smaznova I. S. Ahresiia i tolerantnist: filosofsko-pravovyi dyskurs: monohrafiia. Odesa: Feniks, 2019. 378 s.
  14. Tekst proiektu novoho Kryminalnoho kodeksu Ukrainy. URL: https://newcriminalcode.org.ua/upload/
    media/2024/02/26/kontrolnyj-tekst-proyektu-kk-25-02-2024.pdf
  15. Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar do Kryminalnoho kodeksu Ukrainy. Za zah. red. P. P. Andrushka,
    V. H. Honcharenka, Ye. V. Fesenka. 2-e vyd., pererob. ta dop. Kyiv: Dakor, 2008. 1428 s
  16. Kolisnyk V. Ahresyvna viina proty Ukrainy ta ruinatsiia svitovoho pravoporiadku: prychyny i holovni zasoby
    reahuvannia na tli istorychnykh paralelei. Visnyk Konstytutsiinoho Sudu Ukrainy. 2022. № 3–4. S. 115–128.
  17. Spetsialnyi trybunal shchodo zlochynu ahresii proty Ukrainy: koly stvoriat i koho sudytymut. URL : https://
    zmina.info/articles/specztrybunal-shhodo-zlochynu-agresiyi-proty-ukrayiny-kogo-ta-koly-sudytyme
  18. Entsyklopediia mizhnarodnoho prava: u 3 t. In-t derzhavy i prava im. V. M. Koretskoho NAN Ukrainy. T. 1.
    A-D. Kyiv: Akademperiodyk. 920 s.
  19. Kvasha R. S., Feshchenko O. S. Ahresiia ta nasylstvo v konteksti rosiisko-ukrainskoi viiny: kryminalnopravovyi i kryminolohichnyi aspekty. Kryminolohichna teoriia i praktyka: dosvid, problemy sohodennia ta
    shliakhy yikh vyrishennia: materialy mizhvidom. nauk.-prakt. kruhloho stolu (Kyiv, 2 lystop. 2023 r.) Kyiv:
    Nats. akad. vnutr. sprav, 2023. S. 36–40.
  20. Navrotskyi V. O. Naskrizni kryminalno-pravovi poniattia: navch. posib. Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter, 2023. S. 178.
  21. Nasylstvo. Akademichnyi tlumachnyi slovnyk ukrainskoi movy. URL: https://cutt.ly/TnSZS9q (data zvernennia:
    31.05.2024)

Roman Sergiyovych Kvasha,
Researcher at the Department of Problems of
Criminal Law, Criminology and Judicial System
of the V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Doctor of Philosophy in Law
ORCID: 0000-0003-4284-4917

Back to contents