Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 528–533.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-528-533

Honchar Y.
Law as a result of law-making activity: features and properties

An important component of the doctrinal study of law is the clarification of its concept, essence and purpose, knowledge of which is impossible without an analysis of the main properties and signs of law. For a long time, there has been ambiguity in the scientific community regarding the definition of the concept of a property and a sign of law. These categories are mostly identified and defined through each other. This approach to understanding the properties and signs of law causes problems in distinguishing the properties of law — its primary internal characteristics, which determine the existence of law as an independent phenomenon, and its signs, which are an external manifestation of the properties of law and with the help of which the relationship of law with other social regulators is carried out. The problem of clarifying the properties of law is also related to the pluralism of concepts (types) of legal understanding, each of which is aimed at distinguishing and characterizing the special properties of law as a social regulator. As a result, there is a certain dissonance regarding the properties of law, since through the prism of natural-law understanding, the system of properties of law will be one, at the same time, the specified characteristics of law will not necessarily be understood as «properties» through the prism of positivist or sociological understanding of law. As a result of the conducted research, the article highlights the main properties of law through the prism of different types of legal understanding. According to the natural-legal understanding of law, the properties of law are natural rights as the original form of the existence of law, the supremacy of law and legal law as the essence of law, justice as a means of regulating social relations. Analysis of the positivist approach allows us to distinguish the following properties of law: the will of the state as the original form of existence of law, the clarity of the content of the law as the basis for determining the limits of freedom, state guarantees as a means of functioning of law. According to the sociological approach, it is possible to distinguish the following properties of law: social relations as the original form of existence, ensuring effective and timely regulation of social relations as a purpose of law.

Key words: property of law, sign of law, quality of law, types of legal understanding, rule-making, natural-law legal understanding, positivist legal understanding, sociological legal understanding.

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Yuliya Volodymyrivna Honchar,
Postgraduate Student at the Educational and Scientific Institute of Law
of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
ORCID: 0009-0003-5344-684X