Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 560–567.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-560-567

Drozd I. V.
The concept of the right of the Ukrainian people to land in the legal doctrine and legislation of Ukraine: origins, main provisions, ways of improvement

The article is devoted to the problem of researching the content and historical foundations of the formation of the concept of ownership rights of the Ukrainian people to land in order to eliminate legal gaps and specify the constitutional foundations in determining the subjects of ownership rights to land.

The article notes that the issue of the Ukrainian people’s belonging to a separate subject of land rights is unresolved in legal science, as there is no unified understanding of the content of Article 13 of the Constitution of Ukraine among scientists. Such a situation may indicate the imperfection of the content of the above and the need to eliminate its shortcomings, taking into account the trends of modern Ukrainian legislation and taking into account the country’s European integration course.

The author also points out that the current Article 13 of the Constitution of Ukraine contains a provision on the right of ownership of the Ukrainian people to land, which contains signs of the idealistic concept of the Soviet land legislation on the ownership of land by the people — a concept that formed the ideological basis for the usurpation of the institution of land ownership by the state, reducing it to the right of exclusive state ownership of land.

It is emphasized that in no European constitution is the people recognized as the owner of land and not endowed with land legal personality, but quite often land is recognized as the main national wealth of the respective country. It is emphasized that the Land Code of Ukraine does not provide for the possibility (grounds) of acquisition of land ownership by the Ukrainian people. The need to finalize and combine the content of Articles 13 and 14 of the Constitution of Ukraine is substantiated. It was concluded that the Constitution of Ukraine should ensure and protect the legal order of the Ukrainian State, therefore its norms cannot be contradictory and unclear. At the same time, the declarative provisions on land ownership of the Ukrainian people allow some politicians to manipulate these slogans, which in the end does not always benefit the Ukrainian people, and in the future may negatively affect the development of modern land legislation and its harmonization with EU legislation.

Key words: Constitution, land, property, Ukrainian people, national wealth, subjective right to land.

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Iryna Vladyslavivna Drozd,
Postgraduate Student at the V. M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law, NAS of Ukraine
ORCID: 0000-0001-8322-9369