Almanac of law. Issue 15 (2024), pages 598–602.
DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2024-15-598-602
Nordio V. V.
Collaborationism of private performers and other persons who provide public services: feasibility of criminalization
The article examines the issue of the expediency of criminalizing the collaboration activities of persons providing public services, within the meaning of Ukrainian legislation, in the temporarily occupied territories of our State. Particular attention in this context is paid to the criminalization of collaborationism of private contractors. The author analyzes legislative initiatives aimed at establishing criminal liability for collaboration as its independent form in Article 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely, the draft Laws of Ukraine No. 8077 of 26.09.2022, No. 8301 of 23.12.2022, and No. 10136 of 09.10.2023. Each of these draft laws proposes to criminalize private enforcement officers for carrying out their professional activities in cooperation with the aggressor state.
It is established that in the conclusions of the Main Scientific and Expert Department of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on the first two draft laws, the author pointed out that it is inappropriate to establish criminal liability for collaboration activities for attorneys-at-law and subjects of state registration of real rights. The author supports this assessment of the relevant legislative initiatives, since, for example, the activities of attorneys-at-law are inherently human rights-based, and therefore, criminalizing attorneys-at-law for collaboration is an excessive prospective application of criminal law.
It is stated that in the Russian Federation there is no such profession as a private bailiff, and the enforcement of court decisions is carried out by the federal bailiff service. That is, the activity of enforcement of court decisions is state-owned, and therefore it clearly cannot be an independent professional activity.
The author concludes that the criminalization of the collaborative activities of private bailiffs is excessive, since, given the regulation of bailiffs’ activities by Russian legislation implemented in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, the activities of private bailiffs in these territories are impossible.
Key words: private contractor, person providing a public service, independent professional activity, collaboration, collaborationism, criminalisation, crime, criminal offence, criminal liability, temporarily occupied territory
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Vadym Viktorovich Nordio,
Postgraduate Student at the National Academy of Management
ORCID: 0000-0003-1681-7384