Almanac of law. Issue 16 (2025), pages 162–167.

DOI: 10.33663/2524-017X-2025-16-162-167

Bohinich O. L.
The ontological status of the phenomenon of law enforcement

The article examines the issue of the implementation of law in the context of knowledge of its essence. The views of modern scientists who work both in the field of theory and philosophy of law are analyzed. There is an opinion that only the essential approach makes it possible to reveal the true nature of the phenomenon of law enforcement.

Based on the given methodological approach, it is assumed that law can be identified as a coercive order, the purpose of which is to achieve good and justice in relationships between people for the progressive development of society and its members. It is coercion in the performance of duties by a negligent debtor that guarantees the creditor satisfaction in the form of a specific moral or material good, which will testify to the restoration of justice and harmony in society, and thereby the achievement of good in human relations. At the same time, it is declared that the very achievement of the goal of the implementation of the right constitutes its substantial characteristic, gives it an ontological status.

At the same time, it is declared that the very achievement of the goal of the implementation of the right constitutes its substantial characteristic, gives it an ontological status. Regarding natural law, the following conclusion is made: regardless of the forms of its implementation (norms and principles, specific legal relations, the formal beginning of justice), the latter achieve their goal when they are recorded in the prescriptions of positive law, that is, their implementation occurs due to materialization in the legal system in the form of a written system of law. This process of transformation can tentatively be called the implementation of natural law of the first level, which is absolutely necessary in the conditions of existence of a state-organized society. At the same time, individual elements of natural law can be implemented outside the written law. For example, the concept of a queue, when citizens are sought out in a certain order without external coercion, based on the internal awareness of the equality of all those standing in the queue and the need to comply with the requirements of the order to receive certain benefits.

If natural law has two levels of its implementation: the first - through the prescriptions of positive law, the second — direct (without normative regulation), then positive law has only one level of its implementation — through its own mechanisms (norms, legal facts, legal relations). And the main element in the latter case is the subject of law, which acquires the corresponding rights and obligations by its actions or refraining from actions. The following are recognized as forms of legal implementation in the theory of law: use, execution, compliance, law enforcement, which mainly occurs on the part of authorized state bodies. The above-mentioned forms of exercise of the right are connected, in particular, with the corresponding methods of legal regulation (permits, prohibitions, obligations).

On the basis of the conducted analysis, the conclusion is drawn: the achievement of the goal of the implementation of the right — its embodiment in social relations — constitutes a substantial characteristic of the latter, gives it an ontological status.

Key words: Ontology of law, law as a coercive order, natural and positive law, implementation of law.

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